Alkali Silica Reaction — (ASR) is a reaction between reactive silica (in the concrete aggregates) and an alkali (usually present in the cement), which results in the formation of a gel. This gel increases in volume with water and exerts expansive pressure on the concrete … Wikipedia
Alkali metal — Group → 1 ↓ Period 2 3 Li 3 … Wikipedia
acid–base reaction — ▪ chemistry Introduction a type of chemical process typified by the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral (molecules, such as water, H2O; or acetic acid, CH3CO2H) or electrically charged (ions, such… … Universalium
Reinforced concrete — is concrete in which reinforcement bars ( rebars ), reinforcement grids, plates or fibers have been incorporated to strengthen the concrete in tension. It was invented by French gardener Joseph Monier in 1849 and patented in 1867.[1] The term… … Wikipedia
Fly ash — Photomicrograph made with a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM): Fly ash particles at 2,000x magnification Fly ash is one of the residues generated in combustion, and comprises the fine particles that rise with the flue gases. Ash which does not… … Wikipedia
Metakaolin — is a dehydroxylated form of the clay mineral kaolinite. Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as china clay or kaolin, traditionally used in the manufacture of porcelain. The particle size of metakaolin is smaller than cement particles, but… … Wikipedia
Protection of exposed concrete — is necessary to prolong its service life. A 120 year design life for concrete infrastructure has become increasingly common. Without early preventive maintenance this design life target may be optimistic. The design service life of reinforced… … Wikipedia
Concrete degradation — may have various causes. Concrete can be damaged by fire, aggregate expansion, sea water effects, bacterial corrosion, calcium leaching, physical damage and chemical damage (from carbonation, chlorides, sulfates and distilled water). This process … Wikipedia
Concrete step barrier — A concrete step barrier is a safety barrier used on the central reservation of motorways and dual carriageways as an alternative to the standard steel crash barrier. Concrete step barrier cross section The barrier has contained all vehicles up to … Wikipedia
A38 road — A38 road … Wikipedia
Construction aggregate — Limestone quarry … Wikipedia